ICSE Class 11 syllabus: Exploring Academic Excellence  

Here, we have noted down the latest ISC syllabus for the Class 11 2023-24 session. ISC asks the students to appear for examinations with five subjects. The complete syllabus for all the subjects including English and other mainstream subjects is listed down. Some schools may also have 6 subjects as the main subjects. In such cases, subjects need to be chosen from the elective subjects listed above in the blog.  

Students can visit the official ICSE site for the syllabus of elective subjects.

Syllabus for English 

1.  Drama
   

• The Tempest: William Shakespeare (Class XI: Act 1, Act 2, Act 3)2

      2. Echoes: A Collection of ISC Short Stories

• Salvatore – W. Somerset Maugham
• Fritz – Satyajit Ray
• Quality – John Galsworthy
• The Chinese Statue – Jeffrey Archer
• A Gorilla in the Guest Room – Gerald Durrell
  

      3. Reverie: A Collection of ISC Poems 

• The Dolphins – Carol Ann Duffy
• The Gift of India – Sarojini Naidu
• John Brown – Bob Dylan
• Desiderata – Max Ehrmann
• The Spider and the Fly – Mary Botham Howitt
  

The complete syllabus for class 11 mainstream subjects is categorised stream-wise below: 

Syllabus for Science 

1. Physics

Unit 1: Physical World and Measurements

• Units & Measurements
• Measurement: units of measure, need for measurement, systems of units: fundamental and derived units in SI; measurement of length, mass and time, and significant figures.
• Dimensional analysis and its implementation, the dimensional formula of physical quantities and constants.

Unit 2: Kinematics

• Motion in a straight line
• Scalar & vector quantity with samples. Position and displacement of vectors, general vectors and their notations; addition and subtraction of vectors, equality of vectors, unit vector, relative velocity, vector resolution in a plane, rectangular components, scalar and vector product of two vectors. Projectile motion and uniform circular motion.

Unit 3: Laws of Motion

• Newton’s three laws of motion- the general concept of force, inertia, momentum, and impulse 
• Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications.
• Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction, lubrication.
• Dynamics of uniform circular motion

Unit 4: Work, Power, and Energy:

• Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic energy, work-energy theorem, power.
• The notion of potential energy, potential energy of a spring, conservative forces; conservation of mechanical energy (kinetic and potential energies); non-conservative forces; motion in a vertical circle, and elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.

Unit 5: Motion of system of particles & Rigid (Stiff) Body:

• Momentum conservation and centre of mass motion. Centre of mass of a rigid body; centre of mass of uniform rod.
• Moment of a force, torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum with some examples.
• Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equation of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions; moment of inertia, radius of gyration. Values of M.I. for simple geometrical objects (without derivation). Statement of parallel and perpendicular axes theorems and their applications

Unit 6: Gravitation:

• Kepler’s laws of planetary motion. The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth.
• Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, orbital velocity of a satellite. Geostationary satellites.

Unit 7: Properties of Bulk Matter:

• Mechanical Properties of Solids: elastic behaviour of solids, stress-strain relationship; Hooke’s law – Young’s modulus, bulk modulus, shear modulus of rigidity, Poisson’s ratio, and elastic energy.
• Mechanical properties of fluids: viscosity, Bernoulli’s theorem and its applications, Stokes’ law, terminal velocity, streamline and turbulent flow, critical velocity. Surface energy and its tension, angle of contact, and an excess of pressure across a curved area, application of surface tension.

  Unit 7: Heat and Thermodynamics

• Heat transfer – conduction, convection and radiation, thermal conductivity, qualitative ideas of Blackbody radiation, Wein’s displacement Law, Stefan’s law, and the Greenhouse effect
• Thermal equilibrium and definition of temperature (zeroth law of Thermodynamics). Heat, work, and internal energy.
• The first law of thermodynamics. Isothermal and adiabatic processes.
• The second law of thermodynamics: Reversible and irreversible processes. Heat engines and refrigerators

Unit 8: Behaviour of Perfect Gases and Kinetic Theory of Gases

• Kinetic theory: equation of the perfect gas state, work done in compressing a gas. Kinetic theory of gases – assumptions, the concept of pressure. 

Unit 9: Oscillations and Waves 

• Oscillations: Periodic motion – period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (SHM) and its equation, phase, oscillations of a spring – restoring force and force constant, energy in SHM – kinetic and potential energies, simple pendulum – derivation of expression for its time period, free, forced and damped oscillations (qualitative ideas only), resonance.
• Waves: wave motion, Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of wave motion. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, a reflection of waves, standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode, and harmonics beats. Doppler effect.

2. Mathematics

Unit 1: Set and functions

• Sets
• Relations and functions
• Trigonometry

Unit 2: Coordinate Geometry

• Straight lines
• Calculus
• Circles
• Limits and derivatives

Unit 3: Statistics and probability

• Statistics
• Probability

Unit 3: Introduction to 3-dimensional geometry

• Co-ordinate axis and coordinate planes in three dimensions
• Distance between two points and Section formula
• Coordinates a point

Unit 4: Statistics

• Combined mean and standard deviation
• Rank correlation by Spearman’s (correction included)
• The median, quartiles, deciles, percentiles, and mode of grouped and ungrouped data

Unit 5: Index numbers and moving averages

• Moving averages
• Index numbers

Unit 6: Algebra

• Principle of mathematical induction complex number
• Permutation and combination
• Sequence and series
• Quadratic equations
• Binomial Theorem

Unit 7: Calculus

• Limits and derivatives

Unit 8: Conic section

• Sections of cone
• Ellipse
• Parabola
• Hyperbola

Unit 9: Mathematical Reasoning

Unit 10: Correlation analysis

• Coefficient of correlation by Karl Pearson
• Definition and meaning of covariance

3. Biology:

Unit 1: Diversity of living organisms

• Animal Kingdom
• The living world
• Plant Kingdom
• Biological classification

Unit 2: Cell: structure and function

• Cell-the unit of life
• Cell cycle and cell division
• Biomolecules

Unit 3: Human Physiology

• Digestion and absorption
• Body fluids and circulation
• Locomotion and movement
• Chemical coordination and integration of endocrine glands and hormones
• Breathing and exchange of gases
• Excretory Products and their elimination
• Neural control and coordination

Unit 4: Structural Organization in Animals and Plants

• Morphology of flowering plants
• Structural organisation in animals
• Anatomy of flowering plants
• Cockroach

Unit 5: Plant Physiology

• Transport in plants
• Photosynthesis in higher plants
• Plant growth and development
• Mineral nutrition
• Respiration in plants

4. Chemistry

Unit 1. Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry:

• General introduction: Importance and scope of chemistry.
• Study of matter. Understanding laws of chemical combination. Dalton’s atomic theory: the concept of elements, atoms, and molecules.
• Isotopic (atomic) and molecular masses, mole concept and molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formula. Stoichiometry and calculations based on chemical reactions.

Unit 2. Structure of Atom

• Discovery of fundamental particles (electron, proton, and neutron), atomic number, isotopes, and isobars.
• Thomson’s model and its limitations. Rutherford’s experimental model and its limitations. Dual nature of matter and light. Bohr’s atomic model and its limitations (de Broglie’s equation, Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle), the concept of shells, subshells, and orbitals. 
• Quantum numbers, shapes of s, p, and d orbitals. Rules for filling electrons in orbitals – Aufbau principle, Pauli’s exclusion principle, and Hund’s rule of maximum multiplicity. Electronic configuration of atoms, stability of half-filled and filled orbitals.

Unit 3. Classification of Elements and Periodicity in Properties

• Significance of classification, study of Mendeleev’s periodic law and its limitations
• Modern Periodic Law and the present form of the periodic table leading to periodic trends in properties of elements – atomic radii, ionic radii, valency, Ionisation enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, and electronegativity.
• Nomenclature of elements with atomic number greater than 100.

Unit 4. Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure

• Valence electrons, ionic bond character, the covalent bond of ionic bond, covalent bond, bond parameters, Lewis structure, the polar character of covalent bond, VSEPR theory, the geometry of covalent molecules, valence bond theory, the concept of hybridisation involving s, p and d orbitals and shapes of some simple molecules. 
• Coordinate bond. Molecular orbital theory of homonuclear diatomic molecules (qualitative idea only). Resonance and hydrogen bond. 

Unit 5. States of Matter: Gases and Liquids

• States of Matter: Gases and Liquids- States of matter and their characteristic
  properties to establish the concept of the molecule. Boyle’s law, Charles’s law, Gay Lussac’s law, Avogadro’s law, Avogadro’s number, ideal behaviour of gases and derivation of ideal gas equation.
• Kinetic Theory of gases, kinetic energy and molecular speeds (elementary idea). Deviation from ideal behaviour, van der Waals equation, liquefaction of gases, critical temperature. Liquid state – vapour pressure, viscosity and surface tension (qualitative idea only). 

Unit 6. Chemical Thermodynamics

• Introduction, concepts, types of system, surroundings, extensive, intensive properties and state functions.
• First Law of Thermodynamics and its significance, work, heat, internal energy, enthalpy (∆U or ∆E and ∆H), heat capacity and specific heat. Hess’s law of constant heat summation, enthalpy of bond dissociation, combustion, formation, Atomisation, sublimation, phase transition, Ionisation, solution, and dilution.
• Second Law of Thermodynamics and its significance, spontaneity of a chemical change, Entropy, and Free Energy. Inadequacy of First Law and need for Second Law, Ideas about reversible (recapitulation), spontaneous and non-spontaneous processes.
• Third Law of Thermodynamics – statement only.

Unit 7. Equilibrium

• Chemical Equilibrium- Introduction of physical and chemical equilibrium and its characteristics. Dynamic nature of equilibrium, law of mass action, equilibrium constant, and factors affecting equilibrium. Le Chatelier’s principle and its applications.
• Ionic equilibrium- Introduction, electrolyte (strong and weak), non-electrolyte, Ionisation, degree of Ionisation of polybasic acids, acid strength, concept of pH, pH indicators, buffer solution, common ion effect (with illustrative examples). Henderson equation, hydrolysis of salts, solubility, and solubility product.

Unit 8. Redox Reactions

• Concept of oxidation and reduction, redox reactions, oxidation number, change in oxidation number, balancing redox reactions (in terms of loss and gain of electrons).
• Applications of redox in various types of chemical reactions.

Unit 9. Hydrogen

• Hydrogen and its compounds: hydrides, water, heavy water, hydrogen peroxide. 

Unit 10. s-Block Elements (Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals)

• Group 1 and 2 elements – General characteristics: Occurrence, physical state, electronic configuration, atomic and ionic radii, common oxidation state, electropositive /electronegative character, Ionisation enthalpy, reducing/oxidising nature.
• Preparation and properties of some important compounds- Sodium chloride, sodium hydroxide, Sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium thiosulphate; biological importance of sodium and potassium. Magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, plaster of Paris and cement. Industrial uses of the above, biological importance of magnesium and calcium.

Unit 11: Some p -Block Elements

• Group 13 Elements – General introduction, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity, physical and chemical properties.
• Preparation and properties of some important compounds, borax, boric acid, boron hydrides, Aluminium: Reactions with acids and Alkalis. Lewis acid character of boron halides, amphoteric nature of Aluminium, and alums.
• Group 14 Elements – General characteristics, electronic configuration, occurrence, variation of properties, oxidation states, trends in chemical reactivity.
• Some important compounds, oxides of carbon and silicon, silicon carbide, silicon tetrachloride, silicones, silicates, and zeolites.

Unit 12: Organic Chemistry – Some Basic Principles and Techniques

• General introduction, classification and IUPAC nomenclature of organic compounds and isomerism.
• Methods of purification, qualitative and quantitative analysis. Electron displacement in a covalent bond: inductive effect, electromeric effect, resonance, and hyperconjugation.
• Homolytic and heterolytic bond fission of a covalent bond: free radicals, carbocations, carbanions, electrophiles and nucleophiles, types of organic reactions.

Unit 13: Hydrocarbons

Classification of Hydrocarbons – Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons 

I. Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

• Alkanes – Nomenclature, isomerism, conformation (methane and ethane),
  physical properties, chemical properties including free radical mechanism of
  halogenation, combustion, and pyrolysis.
• Alkenes – Nomenclature, structure of double bond (ethene), isomerism; methods of preparation; physical properties, chemical properties; addition of hydrogen, halogen, water, hydrogen halides (Markownikoff’s addition and peroxide effect), ozonolysis, oxidation, mechanism of electrophilic addition.
• Alkynes – Nomenclature, structure of triple bond (ethyne), methods of preparation; physical properties, chemical properties: acidic character of alkynes, addition reactions – hydrogen, halogens, hydrogen halides, and water.

II. Aromatic Hydrocarbons – Introduction, IUPAC nomenclature, benzene: resonance, aromaticity, chemical properties: mechanism of electrophilic substitution. Nitration, sulphonation, halogenation, Friedel Crafts alkylation and acylation, directive influence of the functional group in monosubstituted benzene. Carcinogenicity and toxicity.

Unit 14: Environmental Chemistry

• Types of environmental pollution (air, water, and soil pollution), various types of pollutants: smog, acid rain, effects of depletion of the ozone layer, greenhouse effect, and global warming. Pollution due to industrial wastes, green chemistry as an alternative tool for reducing pollution, and strategies for control of environmental pollution.

Syllabus for Arts or Humanities

1. History
   

Section A: Indian History 

Chapter 1: Growth of Nationalism 

• Revolutionary Nationalism 
• Swadeshi Movement 

Chapter 2: The Emergence of the Colonial Economy 

• Development of modern industries 
• Disruption of the traditional economy 
• Development of means of transportation and communication 
• Colonial forest policy – impact on local communities 

Chapter 3: Social and Religious Movements

• Impact of modern ideas in Europe on Indian administrators 
• Reform movements – Aligarh movement, Arya Samaj, and Brahmo Samaj 
• Struggle against caste – Narayan Guru, Veeresalingam, and Jyotirao Phule 
• The women’s question 

Chapter 4: Protest against colonial rule 

• A brief account of the Indigo Uprising (1859), Deccan riots (1875), Munda Uprising (1899- 1900) and the response of the colonial authority

Chapter 5: Gandhian Nationalism [1916-1922]

• Agitation against the Rowlatt Act, Jalianwala Bagh (1919), Khilafat and Non-Cooperation
  Movement (1919-1922).
• The launching of the passive resistance movement by Gandhi 

Chapter 6: Gandhian Nationalism [1927-1934]

• Civil Disobedience Movement [1930-1934]
• Simon Commission – its boycott and the demand for Dominion Status by 1929; Lahore session and declaration of ‘Poorna Swaraj’ as the Congress objective.

Section B: World History 

Chapter 7: Impact of the second phase of industrialization in Europe during the late 19th and 20th centuries

• Growth of women’s struggles for the right 
• Urbanisation, growth of working-class 

Chapter 8: World War I

• Causes, events leading to it, major changes in warfare and strategy, and peace settlements. 
• Introduction to new technologies and strategies 
• Nationalism 
• Reasons for the US’s entry into the War and a brief account of its contribution.
• A brief explanation of the various causes for the defeat of the Central Powers.

Chapter 9: Peace settlement after world war I and establishment of a league of nations:

• Changes in the map of Europe after the Paris
  Peace Settlements, critical evaluation of the impact of the peace settlements.
• League of Nations – membership (absence of major powers), establishment of the mandates
  system, failure of collective security (Manchuria & Abyssinia).

Chapter 10: The Great Depression

• Causes leading to the Wall Street Crash of 1929 and its impact on the economy of the USA, Germany, Britain, France, & Japan.

Chapter 11: Rise of Communism: Russia (1917-1939)

• The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 – a brief account of events in 1917: March Revolution and its results, explanation of why the Provisional Government fell from power leading up to the
  November Revolution.
• Lenin and his consolidation of the Bolshevik
  state.
• Struggle for power between Stalin and Trotsky, Single party state under Stalin: the collectivisation of agriculture.
• The First and the Second Five-Year Plans and the purges
  of 1937-1938
• The Bolshevik Revolution of 1917 – a brief account of events in 1917

Chapter 13: Rise of Fascism: Italy(1919-1939)

• Post-war discontent and the rise to power of
  Benito Mussolini.
• Main features of Mussolini’s domestic policy 

Chapter 14: The Rise of Nazism: Germany (1933-39)

• The Nazi State: from 1933 onwards 
• Rise of Hitler to power and factors assisting his rise 

Chapter 15: Rise of Militarism: Japan (1919-1937)

• Events leading to the attack of Pearl Harbour 
• Reasons for militarism in the 1930s
• Expansion into China

2. Political Science 

SECTION A: Political Theory

Unit 1: Introduction to Political Science

Interpretation of Political Science

• Scope of present-day Political Science, Political Theory, Relative Politics, International Relations, Public Administration, and Political Economy. The character of Political Science.
• Scope of contemporary Political Science concerning Political Theory. The character of Political Science – Is Political Science referred to as Science?

Fundamental Concepts

• State and its elements, Dissimilarity between State and Society, State and Association, State and Government, State and Nation, Nationality
• Explanation of State, elements of the State: Population, Territory, Government, Sovereignty.
• Definition of Society, Association, Nation and nationality. 

Unit 2: The Origin of the State

Divine Origin Theory 

• A brief history
• Divine virtue of the kings – cases from modern monarchical states example: England and Bhutan. 
• Evaluation of the theory.

The Social Contract theory

• Vision of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau
• Evaluation of the theory.

Evolutionary Theory

• Factors for the broadening of this theory such as kinship, religion, economic factors, wars and conflicts 
• The requirement for political power.

Unit 3: Political Ideologies

• Liberalism, Socialism; Communism and Fascism: Meaning, features regarding the purpose of the State. 
• Critical evaluation of each ideology.

Unit 4: Sovereignty

• Meaning, kinds, and characteristics. 
• Historical analysis and current issues, interpretation, definition, and features. 
• Types- Titular and Real, legal and Political, De-jure and de-facto Sovereign, Popular Sovereignty. 
• Is Sovereignty absolute and indivisible? 
• A brief study of Austin’s Theory and Pluralistic view of Sovereignty about Laski and MacIver. 
• Sovereignty all around the World: the role of non-state actors.

Unit 5: Law

• Meaning and Definition of law.
• Sources – Customs, Religion, Usages, Scientific Commentaries, Judicial Decisions, Legislation, Equity. 
• Kinds of Law – definition and examples of Municipal, National, International, and Constitutional Law, Statute Law, and Ordinances.

Unit 6: Liberty

• Definition and meaning of Liberty
• Dimensions – positive and negative
• Kinds of Liberty – Political, Civil and Economic Liberty. 
• Relationship between law and Liberty: Does law help or hinder liberty? 
• Safeguards of Liberty – fundamental rights. Separation of the judiciary from the executive, a well-set party system, economic justice for one and all, free media and press, and attentiveness by the individuals.

Unit 7: Equality

• Meaning and kinds of Equality – social, legal, political and economic
• The relationship between Equality and Liberty and Equality: How do they complement each other?

Unit 8: Justice

• Meaning of Justice
• Kinds: Economic, Political, social, and Legal. 
• Theories of Justice – John Rawls and Amartya Sen.

SECTION B: Contemporary International Relations

Unit 9: End of Cold War and its Impact on the World Order

• The disintegration of the Soviet Union and its effect on the World Order.
• A brief overview of the Cold War. 
• Effect of disintegration of the Soviet Union on the World Order – end of Cold War conflict
• Change of power equations in world politics
• The Rise of new countries.

Unit 10: Unipolar World

• U.S. unilateralism: case studies of U.S. intervention in Afghanistan and Iraq
• Interpretation of unilateralism.
• Case studies
•  Iraq – Operation Desert Storm
• Operation Iraqi Freedom
• Afghanistan – Operation Enduring Freedom.

Unit 11: Regional Cooperation

• The European and Asian Union, Aims, achievements and challenges.

Unit 12: The Non-Aligned Movement

• Relevance of Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) in the Contemporary World.

 3. Geography 

Chapter 1. Geography – its future prospects and interdisciplinary approach

Branches of Geography:

• Systematic approach 
• Regional Approach 

Chapter 2. Formation of the Earth

• Theories of formation
• Methods of measuring age of the earth
• Structure and Composition
• Rocks.

Chapter 3: Changing Face of the Earth

• Endogenous processes
• Land forms
• Vulcanicity 
• Earthquakes
• Exogenic Process and associated landforms
• Soil
• Fluvial Processes and associated landforms 
• Aeolian Processes and associated landforms 
• Glacial Processes and associated landforms 
• Work of Ground Water and associated landforms
• Marine Processes and associated landforms 

Chapter 4: Atmosphere

• Composition and structure of atmosphere 
• Atmospheric temperature
• Atmospheric Pressure
• Atmospheric Moisture 

Chapter 5: The Realms of Water

• Submarine relief and deposits of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans.
• Ocean water – salinity, temperature, density.
• Ocean water movements

Chapter 6: Biosphere – Life on the Earth

• Nature of Biosphere, concept of ecosystems, components of the ecosystem
• Biodiversity for sustenance of mankind
• India as a diverse nation.
• Loss of biodiversity – threatened, endangered and extinct species
• Strategies for conservation of biodiversity – in-situ and ex-situ.

Unit 7. A. World Climatic types

• Low latitude / tropical climates – (i) Equatorial (ii) Monsoon and trade wind littoral (iii) Dry tropical (desert).
• Mid-latitude / temperate climates – (i) Mediterranean (ii) Marine west coast (iii) Dry subtropical (iv) Dry mid-latitude (cold deserts).
• High latitude / polar climates – (i) Boreal (ii) Tundra.

B. Climate Change – causes/factors of climatic changes in the recent past.

Unit 8: Natural hazards, their causes and management

• Hazards of volcanic eruptions and earthquakes
• Identification of major drought-prone areas.
• Areas prone to floods/landslides – India.

Unit 9. Map Work: To identify, label and locate the following 

• Mountains
• Plateaus
• Water Bodies (bays, gulfs, straits, sea, oceans)
• Rivers
• Ocean Currents
• Islands
• Climatic Regions

Syllabus for Commerce

Accounts 

The detailed syllabus for Accounts subjects for class 11 under the ISC board is as follows: 

Chapter 1: Basic Accounting Concepts

• Introduction of accountancy and accounting: Understanding and knowledge of International Financial Reporting Standards(IFRS); 
• Generally Accepted Accounting Principles(GAAP) 
• Basic terms used in accounting, Accounting Standards, and Accounting equations.

Chapter 2: Ledger, Journal, and Trial Balance

• Journal:  journal entry recording (with narration)
• Ledger: Transferring recorded business events from the journal to respective ledgers
• Journal subdivisions

• Cashbook (including Simple cash book and Double-column cash book)
• Petty cash book (including Analytical, Simple, and Imprest systems)
• Sales daybook, purchases daybook, sales return daybook; 
• Purchases return daybook, bills payable book, bills receivable book, and proper journal
• Trial balance

Chapter 3: Bank Reconciliation Statement

• interpretation and need for a reconciliation statement of the bank
• Preparation of a reconciliation statement of the bank from the given cash book balance or passbook balance, or both
• Preparation of a reconciliation statement of the bank from the cash extract book as well as the passbook in relation to the same month
• Making of bank reconciliation statement and an amended cash book from the provided cash book balance
• Making of bank reconciliation statement and an amended cash book from the extract of the passbook and cash book in relation to the same month.

Chapter 4: Depreciation, Provisions and Reserves

• Depreciation
• Procedure of charging depreciation (Straight Line as well as Written Down Value method)
• Problems relating to sales and purchase of assets, application incorporation of depreciation under the two provided procedures 

Chapter 5: Bills of Exchange

• Background to Negotiable Instruments: description of basic terms
• Practical problems related to above in the books of drawer and drawee, endorsee and bank.

Chapter 6: Concept of Trading and Final Accounts, Profit and Loss account and Balance Sheet (with and without adjustments), Marshalling of Balance Sheet

• Capital and revenue income/expenditure
• Reserves and Provision
• Profit and Loss, Trading Balance Sheet and Account of a sole trader, (Horizontal Format) with no adjustments
• Making of Profit and Loss Account, Trading Account, and Balance Sheet with useful adjustments
• Marshalling of a Balance Sheet: Order of liquidity and Order of performance.

Chapter 7: Accounts of incomplete records

• Single entry as well as dissimilarity with double entry
• Ascertainment of profit/loss with the help of statement of affairs procedure with the application
• Making a double entry from a single entry.

Chapter 8: Non-Trading Organisation

• Non-trading organisation: objectives, meaning, necessity and treatment of specific things
• Different books which are maintained and dissimilarity among them
• Method of preparation of Expenditure and Income Account as well as Closing Balance Sheet.

Chapter 9: Rectification of Errors

Errors and types of errors: errors of commission; errors of omission; errors of principle, and compensating errors.

Chapter 10: Establishment of Computers usage in Accounting

(i) Background of Computerised Accounting System

• Parts of CAS, Features,  Account Grouping
• Limitations and advantages of CAS, Accounting Information System.

(ii) Application of computers in Accounting (Theory only)

• Accounting process Automation
• Accounting reports designing (MIS reports)
  • Chart of accounts – Income/ Assets/capital/ expenses/ liabilities/ supplier masters and customer
  • Kinds of transaction: bank, cash, purchase, sale,  journal vouchers; 
  • General ledger/trial balance, balance sheet, data exchange profit and loss, and other information systems.

(iii) Comparison of manual and Computerised accounting.

Business Studies 

The Business Studies Class 11 ISC syllabus consists of the following chapters:

Chapter 1: Business Environment

• Introduction to the concept of Business Environment 
• Features and importance of business environment 
• SWOT analysis 

Chapter 2: Entrepreneurship

• Introduction to Entrepreneur 
• Introduction to entrepreneurship
•  Entrepreneurship  
• Enterprise
• Business risk and causes of failure

Chapter 3: Managers and Managerial Roles

• Managerial Roles
• Authority, Responsibility and Accountability
• Change management

Chapter 4: Automation at Workplaces

• Productivity enhancement tools and facilities at different workplaces 

Economics  

Chapter 1: Understanding Economics

• Definition of Economics by Adam Smith, Alfred Marshall, Lionel Robbins, and Samuelson.
• Micro and Macro Economics – Meaning and Difference. Basic concepts of utility, price, value, wealth, welfare, money, market, capital, investment, income, production, consumption, saving, Business cycle, Aggregate demand, and Aggregate supply.
• Basic problems of an economy – what to produce, how to produce, for whom to produce, efficient use of resources.
• Types of economies- developed and developing, Economic systems, capitalism, socialism, and mixed economy, the mechanism used to solve the basic problems faced by each economy.

Chapter 2: Indian Economic Development

• Introduction and Parameters of Development
• Planning and economic development in India
• Structural Changes in the Indian Economy after liberalisation
• Current challenges facing the Indian Economy
• Economic growth and development
• Sustainable Development

Chapter 3: Statistics

• Statistics: definition, scope and limitations of statistics.
• Collection, organisation and presentation of data.
• Measures of Central Value: average defined, type of averages: arithmetic mean, simple and weighted, median and mode, ungrouped and grouped data, numericals, relationship between mean, median and mode
• Measures of dispersion: definition, methods of studying variation – range, standard deviation, quartile deviation, the mean or average deviation; coefficient of variation
• Correlation: introduction, scatter diagram, Karl Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, Spearman’s coefficient of correlation
• Index numbers: simple and weighted – meaning, types and purpose. Problems involved in constructing a Price Index Number
• Some Mathematical Tools used in Economics 

Easy Ways to Ace Class 11

Acing Class 11 requires a combination of effective study strategies, time management, and a proactive approach to learning. Here are some easy ways to excel in Class 11

1. Organise Your Schedule

• Create a daily or weekly study schedule that allocates time for each subject.
• Prioritise tasks and focus on high-priority assignments first.

2. Active Participation in Class

• Engage actively in classroom discussions and take thorough notes.
• Ask questions to clarify doubts and seek additional explanations.

3. Effective Note-Taking

• Develop a systematic approach to taking notes during lectures.
• Use keywords, bullet points, and diagrams to summarise information.

4. Regular Revision

• Schedule regular review sessions to reinforce what you’ve learned. 
• Regular revision of important topics helps in better retention and understanding.

5. Seek Help When Needed

• Don’t hesitate to ask your teachers for clarification or additional help.
• Form study groups with classmates to discuss and solve problems together.

6. Use Varied Learning Resources

• Explore textbooks, online resources, and reference materials to gain a deeper understanding of topics.
• Utilise educational apps, videos, and interactive platforms for enhanced learning.

7. Healthy Lifestyle

• Ensure you get enough sleep and maintain a balanced diet.
• Regular exercise can contribute to improved concentration and overall well-being.

8. Stay Updated with Assignments

• Keep track of assignment deadlines and submit them on time.
• Staying organised with assignments contributes to overall academic success.

9. Reflect on Your Learning

• Periodically reflect on your learning methods and adjust them if necessary.
• Identify what works best for you and adapt your strategies accordingly.

Remember, success in Class 11 is not just about memorisation but understanding concepts and applying them. Consistent effort, effective study habits, and a positive attitude go a long way in acing your academic journey.